ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 Introduce
ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel is a hot-rolled structural steel, high-strength low-alloy plates, and quenched and tempered alloy plates used in the construction of bridges and buildings. This standard became effective on November 1, 2018 and is one of the most commonly used standards for structural steel construction. This standard was created by ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), a non-profit organization that sets a wide range of standards for materials, products, systems, and services.
Smelting temperature:1716°C - 1448°C
Application:High-strength low-alloy hot-rolled structural steel plate with improved forgeability
ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 Material Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of the ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel are as follows:
| Element | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | - | 0.1800 |
| Manganese (Mn) | - | 1.6500 |
| PhOsphorus (P) | - | 0.0250 |
| Sulfur (S) | - | 0.0300 |
| Silicon (Si) | - | 0.6000 |
| Vanadium (V) | - | 0.0800 |
| Nitrogen (N) | - | 0.0300 |
| Niobium (Nb) | 0.0080 | 0.1000 |
| Sulfur (S) | - | 0.0350 |
| Carbon (C) | - | 0.1800 |
ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 Material Mechanical Properties
Tests are conducted to verify the mechanical properties, such as the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation, of the ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel, as required by the standard. There are several types of tests that can be used to verify the material's properties, including Charpy V-notch impact testing and mechanical property testing. The Charpy V-notch test is used to evaluate the toughness of the steel; a high toughness translates to a higher resistance to deformation. Mechanical property testing is used to evaluate the material's tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation, as well as its ductility, resistance to shrinking and thermal expansion, and other properties.
The mechanical properties of the ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel are as follows:
| YieldRp0.2 | ≤ 782 (MPa) |
| TeileRm | ≤ 778 (MPa) |
| ImpactKV/Ku | 32(J) |
| ElongationA | 44% |
| Reduction in cross section on fractureZ | 22% |
| As-Heat-Treated Condition | Solution and Aging, Annealing, Ausaging, Q+T,etc |
| Brinell hardness (HBW) | 214 |
ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 Material Thermal Properties
The thermal performance parameters of the ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel are as follows:
| Temperature (°C) | 22 | 365 | 678 |
| Modulus of elasticity (GPa) | - | 249 | - |
| Mean coefficient of thermal expaion ×10-6/(°C) | - | - | 12 |
| Thermal conductivity (W/m·°C) | - | 22.3 | 22.2 |
| Specific thermal capacity (J/kg·°C) | - | 331 | - |
| Specific electrical resistivity (Ω mm²/m) | 0.13 | - | - |
| Deity (kg/dm³) | - | - | 212 |
| Poisson’s coefficient, ν | - | - | 334 |
ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 Material Machining Technology
The machinability of ASTM A656/A656M A656 Type 3 Grade 100 steel can also be improved by using appropriate cutting fluid and minimizing chips. Proper pre- and post-machining heat treatment can also improve machinability.