ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] Introduce
ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] is a standard that covers carbon-silicon steel plates primarily used for intermediate- and higher-temperature service in welded boilers and other pressure vessels. The steel plates are available in four grades with different strength levels, including A515 Gr 60, A515 Gr 65, A515 Gr 70 and A515 Gr 70N. The mechanical property requirements are specified in the specification, including the tensile strength and yield strength. The fabrication and heat treatments are also specified in the specification.
Smelting temperature:1139°C - 1131°C
Application:Medium and high temperature pressure vessel plate, carbon steel
ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] Material Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of the ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] steel are as follows:
| Element | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|
| Silicon (Si) | 0.1500 | 0.4000 |
| Sulfur (S) | - | 0.0350 |
| PhOsphorus (P) | - | 0.0350 |
| Manganese (Mn) | - | 0.9000 |
| Carbon (C) | - | 0.2400 |
ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] Material Mechanical Properties
One of the key advantages of ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] steel is its responsiveness to heat treatment. Heat treating can dramatically change the physical and mechanical properties of the steel, allowing it to be tailored to the specific application. The most common form of heat treatment is normalizing, which involves heating the steel to a specific temperature and then allowing it to slowly cool in order to achieve a relatively homogenous grain structure. Hardening, tempering, and annealing are also commonly used.
The mechanical properties of the ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] steel are as follows:
| YieldRp0.2 | ≤ 497 (MPa) |
| TeileRm | ≤ 912 (MPa) |
| ImpactKV/Ku | 31(J) |
| ElongationA | 13% |
| Reduction in cross section on fractureZ | 23% |
| As-Heat-Treated Condition | Solution and Aging, Annealing, Ausaging, Q+T,etc |
| Brinell hardness (HBW) | 121 |
ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] Material Thermal Properties
The thermal performance parameters of the ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] steel are as follows:
| Temperature (°C) | 42 | 618 | 495 |
| Modulus of elasticity (GPa) | - | 879 | - |
| Mean coefficient of thermal expaion ×10-6/(°C) | - | - | 43 |
| Thermal conductivity (W/m·°C) | - | 42.3 | 13.2 |
| Specific thermal capacity (J/kg·°C) | - | 211 | - |
| Specific electrical resistivity (Ω mm²/m) | 0.11 | - | - |
| Deity (kg/dm³) | - | - | 313 |
| Poisson’s coefficient, ν | - | - | 132 |
ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] Material Machining Technology
When machining ASTM A515/A515M A515 Grade 60 [415] steel, there are several types of tools and methods which can be used. These include drill press and lathe machines, cutting tools such as turning tools and milling tools, grinders and deburring tools, and cutoff tools such as bandsaws and abrasive saws. Depending on the application and desired end result, one or more of these tools or methods may be used in the machining process.